The prevalence of CP-CRE can be eye-wateringly high in some parts of the world. In Greece, for example, the rate of carbapenem-resistance in invasive K. pneumoniae isolates was 70% in the latest EARS-Net data. In the USA, one study from a long-term acute care facility in California found that almost 50% of patients were colonised. The picture is very different in the UK, with a very low prevalence of CPE reported in most studies as illustrated by the systematic review and meta-analysis that we’re going to look at today.